centos7和centos6.5环境rpm方式安装MySQL5.7和mysql5.6详解

centos环境安装mysql5.7

其实不建议安装mysql5.7 语法和配置可能和以前的版本区别较大，多坑，慎入

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1.yum方式安装(不推荐)

a.安装mysql5.7 yum源

centos6:

wget dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
yum localinstall mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm

centos7:

wget dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

yum方式安装：
yum install mysql-community-server

2.rpm方式安装(推荐)
因yum源是在国外下载速度非常慢，建议直接下载后通过本地安装

centos6:
mysql-community-client-5.7.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

centos7:
mysql-community-client-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

yum localinstall -y mysql-community*.rpm

报错：
Error: Package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.x86_64 (localyum)
           Requires: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit)
           Removing: mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 (@anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5)
               libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit)
           Obsoleted By: mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el6.x86_64 (/mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el6.x86_64)
               Not found
           Updated By: mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64 (localyum)
               libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit)
Error: Package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.x86_64 (localyum)
           Requires: libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit)
           Removing: mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 (@anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5)
               libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit)
           Obsoleted By: mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el6.x86_64 (/mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el6.x86_64)
               Not found
           Updated By: mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64 (localyum)
               libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit)
 You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
 You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

 解决办法：
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

1）默认 root 密码为空，其实不为空，使用 mysql -u root -p 进行登录失败
2)mysql_secure_installation这个初始化也不行

直接编辑mysql配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf
加入
skip-grant-tables
注意：要加在[mysqld]的位置

重启数据库

#进入 mysql控制台

# mysql

可能的报错：

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (111)

解决办法：加上-h227.0.0.1
[root@node2 bin]# mysql -h227.0.0.1 -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.15 MySQL Community Server (GPL)


Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.


Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.


mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.13 sec)

>use mysql;

# 修改密码
>update user set authentication_string = password('yourpasswd'), password_expired = 'N', password_last_changed = now() where user = 'root';

删掉skip-grant-tables，再次重启即可

添加用户时，报错，是因为密码策略的问题，我们只是测试，密码不需要那么复杂

mysql> grant all privileges on test.* to jack@'%' identified by "test";

ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

修改密码策略即可
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;

mysql5.7开发环境的配置示例：

1. [mysqld]  

2.   

3. datadir=/var/lib/mysql  

4. socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock  

5. max_connections=1024  

6.   

7. # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks  

8. symbolic-links=0  

9.   

10. log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log  

11. pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid  

12. sql_mode = "STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_UNSIGNED_SUBTRACTION"  

13. [client]  

14. default-character-set = utf8mb4  

15.   

16. [mysql]  

17. default-character-set = utf8mb4  

18.   

19. [mysqld]  

20. character-set-client-handshake = FALSE  

21. character-set-server = utf8mb4  

22. collation_server = utf8mb4_general_ci  

23. init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'  

ucloud mysql5.7配置：

  

1. [client]  

2. default-character-set = utf8mb4  

3. [mysql]  

4. default-character-set = utf8mb4  

5. [mysqld]  

6. back_log = 2000  

7. basedir = /opt/udb/program/mysql/mysql-5.7.12  

8. bind-address = 127.0.0.1  

9. binlog-format = MIXED  

10. character-set-client-handshake = 0  

11. character_set_server = utf8mb4  

12. datadir = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/data  

13. event_scheduler = ON  

14. expire_logs_days = 7  

15. general-log-file = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/log/mysqld.log  

16. init_connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4'  

17. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 377487360  

18. innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:100M:autoextend  

19. innodb_data_home_dir = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/data  

20. innodb_file_per_table = 1  

21. innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2  

22. innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT  

23. innodb_io_capacity = 2000  

24. innodb_log_buffer_size = 8388608  

25. innodb_log_file_size = 512M  

26. innodb_log_files_in_group = 2  

27. innodb_log_group_home_dir = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/data  

28. innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50  

29. innodb_open_files = 1024  

30. innodb_read_io_threads = 8  

31. innodb_thread_concurrency = 20  

32. innodb_write_io_threads = 8  

33. key_buffer_size = 33554432  

34. local_infile = 1  

35. log-bin = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/binlog/mysql-bin.log  

36. log-error = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/log/mysqld.log  

37. log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1  

38. log_output = TABLE  

39. long_query_time = 3  

40. max_allowed_packet = 16777216  

41. max_connect_errors = 1000000  

42. max_connections = 2000  

43. myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8388608  

44. net_buffer_length = 8192  

45. performance_schema = 0  

46. performance_schema_max_table_instances = 200  

47. pid-file = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/mysqld.pid  

48. port = 3306  

49. query_cache_size = 16777216  

50. read_buffer_size = 262144  

51. read_rnd_buffer_size = 524288  

52. relay-log = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/relaylog/mysql-relay.log  

53. secure-file-priv = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/tmp  

54. server-id = 2130706433  

55. skip-slave-start  

56. skip_name_resolve  

57. slave-load-tmpdir = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/tmp  

58. slave-parallel-type = LOGICAL_CLOCK  

59. slave_parallel_workers = 8  

60. slow-query-log-file = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/log/mysql-slow.log  

61. slow_query_log = 1  

62. socket = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/mysqld.sock  

63. sort_buffer_size = 524288  

64. sql_mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_UNSIGN  

65. sync_binlog = 1  

66. table_open_cache = 128  

67. thread_cache_size = 50  

68. tmpdir = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/tmp  

69. user = mysql  

70. [mysqld_safe]  

71. log-error = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/log/mysqld.log  

72. pid-file = /opt/udb/instance/mysql-5.7/xxxxxxxx/mysqld.pid  

centos6.5环境安装mysql5.6

操作系统：centos6.5 x86_64

1.检查下linux是不是已经安装了mysql
rpm -qa | grep -i mysql


#如果安装了先卸载旧的版本    
rpm -e --nodeps mysql...

rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64


2.下载需要的安装包，下载地址：
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html#downloads

MySQL-client-5.6.34-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.6.34-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-server-5.6.34-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

全部安装

yum install numactl -y
rpm -ivh MySQL-*.rpm


3.修改配置文件位置并做相关设置

cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

默认的数据库放在/var/lib/mysql目录下，我们需要将数据库放在/data/yunva/mysqldata 目录下，主要是/var/lib是系统根目录，数据库文件较大的时候系统磁盘空间会不够

vim /etc/my.cnf

innodb_file_per_table = 1
datadir = /data/yunva/mysql/mysqldata
log-bin=/data/yunva/mysql/binlogs/mysql-bin

修改目录权限

chmod 755 /data/yunva/mysql/

mkdir -p /data/yunva/mysql/mysqldata

mkdir /data/yunva/mysql/binlogs/

# 注意必须给mysqldata和mysqlbin目录赋权给mysql否则无法启动
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/yunva/mysql


删除匿名用户
mysql> delete from user where user='' and host='localhost' or host='monitor01';

添加root密码
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD('pass');
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 3  Changed: 3  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;

如果之前的版本有安装，需要重置root密码，可以在my.cnf的mysqld步伐加入，重启mysql，不输入密码即可进数据库
skip-grant-tables

密码默认位置：

# cat /root/.mysql_secret

4.初始化MySQL及设置密码

/usr/bin/mysql_install_db
service mysql start

可能碰到的错误：
明明已经修改了mysql.user表中的root密码，执行命令报错：

mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must SET PASSWORD before executing this statement
mysql> use mysql;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must SET PASSWORD before executing this statement

解决办法：
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

  报错：

# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.34-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: MySQL-server-5.6.34-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libnuma.so.1()(64bit) is needed by MySQL-server-5.6.34-1.el6.x86_64
libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.1)(64bit) is needed by MySQL-server-5.6.34-1.el6.x86_64
libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.2)(64bit) is needed by MySQL-server-5.6.34-1.el6.x86_64

解决办法：
[root@monitor01 software]# yum install numactl -y

报错：

# service mysql start
Starting MySQL. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/data/yunva/mysqldata/10-10-50-133.pid).

是因为上级目录/data/yunva对mysql没有权限

解决办法：chown -R mysql.mysq /data/yunva

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