import numpy as np

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# 序列化和反序列化

import pickle

 

from sklearn.preprocessing import OneHotEncoder

 

import warnings

warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')

 

import tensorflow as tf

数据加载（使用pickle）

def unpickle(file):

    import pickle

    with open(file, 'rb') as fo:

        dict = pickle.load(fo, encoding='ISO-8859-1')

    return dict

labels = []

X_train = []

for i in range(1,6):

    data = unpickle('./cifar-10-batches-py/data_batch_%d'%(i))

    labels.append(data['labels'])

    X_train.append(data['data'])

# 将list类型转换为ndarray

X_train = np.array(X_train)

 

y_train = np.array(labels).reshape(-1)

 

# reshape

X_train = X_train.reshape(-1,3072)

 

# 目标值概率

one_hot = OneHotEncoder()

y_train =one_hot.fit_transform(y_train.reshape(-1,1)).toarray()

 

# 测试数据加载

test = unpickle('./cifar-10-batches-py/test_batch')

X_test = test['data']

y_test = one_hot.transform(np.array(test['labels']).reshape(-1,1)).toarray()

# 从总数据中获取一批数据

index = 0

def next_batch(X,y):

    global index

    batch_X = X[index*128:(index+1)*128]

    batch_y = y[index*128:(index+1)*128]

    index+=1

    if index == 390:

        index = 0

    return batch_X,batch_y

构建神经网络

1.生成对应卷积核

2.tf.nn.conv2d进行卷积运算

3.归一化操作tf.layers.batch_normalization

4.激活函数（relu）

5.池化操作

X = tf.placeholder(dtype=tf.float32,shape = [None,3072])

y = tf.placeholder(dtype=tf.float32,shape = [None,10])

kp = tf.placeholder(dtype=tf.float32)

 

def gen_v(shape,std = 5e-2):

    return tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal(shape = shape,stddev=std))

 

def conv(input_,filter_,b):

    conv = tf.nn.conv2d(input_,filter_,strides=[1,1,1,1],padding='SAME') + b

    conv = tf.layers.batch_normalization(conv,training=True)

    conv = tf.nn.relu(conv)

    return tf.nn.max_pool(conv,[1,3,3,1],[1,2,2,1],'SAME')

 

def net_work(X,kp):

#     形状改变，4维

    input_ = tf.reshape(X,shape = [-1,32,32,3])

#     第一层

    filter1 = gen_v(shape = [3,3,3,64])

    b1 = gen_v(shape = [64])

    pool1 = conv(input_,filter1,b1)

    

#     第二层

    filter2 = gen_v([3,3,64,128])

    b2 = gen_v(shape = [128])

    pool2 = conv(pool1,filter2,b2)

    

#     第三层

    filter3 = gen_v([3,3,128,256])

    b3 = gen_v([256])

    pool3 = conv(pool2,filter3,b3)

    

#     第一层全连接层

    dense = tf.reshape(pool3,shape = [-1,4*4*256])

    fc1_w = gen_v(shape = [4*4*256,1024])

    fc1_b = gen_v([1024])

    bn_fc_1 = tf.layers.batch_normalization(tf.matmul(dense,fc1_w) + fc1_b,training=True)

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    relu_fc_1 = tf.nn.relu(bn_fc_1)

#     fc1.shape = [-1,1024]

    

    

#     dropout

    dp = tf.nn.dropout(relu_fc_1,keep_prob=kp)

    

#     fc2 输出层

    out_w = gen_v(shape = [1024,10])

    out_b = gen_v(shape = [10])

    out = tf.matmul(dp,out_w) + out_b

    return out

损失函数准确率&最优化

out = net_work(X,kp)

loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits_v2(labels=y,logits=out))

# 准确率

y_ = tf.nn.softmax(out)

# equal 相当于==

equal = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y,axis = -1),tf.argmax(y_,axis = 1))

accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(equal,tf.float32))

 

opt = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(0.01).minimize(loss)

opt

开启训练

saver = tf.train.Saver()

epoches = 100

with tf.Session() as sess:

    sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())

    for i in range(epoches):

        batch_X,batch_y = next_batch(X_train,y_train)

        opt_,loss_ ,score_train= sess.run([opt,loss,accuracy],feed_dict = {X:batch_X,y:batch_y,kp:0.5})

        print('iter count:%d。mini_batch loss:%0.4f。训练数据上的准确率：%0.4f。测试数据上准确率：%0.4f'%

              (i+1,loss_,score_train,score_test))

        if score_train > 0.6:

            saver.save(sess,'./model/estimator',i+1)

    saver.save(sess,'./model/estimator',i+1)

    score_test = sess.run(accuracy,feed_dict = {X:X_test,y:y_test,kp:1.0})

    print('测试数据上的准确率：',score_test)

iter count:1。mini_batch loss:3.1455。训练数据上的准确率：0.0938。测试数据上准确率：0.2853

iter count:2。mini_batch loss:3.9139。训练数据上的准确率：0.2891。测试数据上准确率：0.2853

iter count:3。mini_batch loss:5.1961。训练数据上的准确率：0.1562。测试数据上准确率：0.2853

iter count:4。mini_batch loss:3.9102。训练数据上的准确率：0.2344。测试数据上准确率：0.2853

iter count:5。mini_batch loss:4.1278。训练数据上的准确率：0.1719。测试数据上准确率：0.2853

 

.....

iter count:97。mini_batch loss:1.5752。训练数据上的准确率：0.4844。测试数据上准确率：0.2853

iter count:98。mini_batch loss:1.8480。训练数据上的准确率：0.3906。测试数据上准确率：0.2853

iter count:99。mini_batch loss:1.5662。训练数据上的准确率：0.5391。测试数据上准确率：0.2853

iter count:100。mini_batch loss:1.7489。训练数据上的准确率：0.4141。测试数据上准确率：0.2853

测试数据上的准确率： 0.4711

epoches = 1100

with tf.Session() as sess:

    saver.restore(sess,'./model/estimator-100')

    for i in range(100,epoches):

        batch_X,batch_y = next_batch(X_train,y_train)

        opt_,loss_ ,score_train= sess.run([opt,loss,accuracy],feed_dict = {X:batch_X,y:batch_y,kp:0.5})

        print('iter count:%d。mini_batch loss:%0.4f。训练数据上的准确率：%0.4f。测试数据上准确率：%0.4f'%

              (i+1,loss_,score_train,score_test))

        if score_train > 0.6:

            saver.save(sess,'./model/estimator',i+1)

    saver.save(sess,'./model/estimator',i+1)

    if (i%100 == 0) and (i != 100):

        score_test = sess.run(accuracy,feed_dict = {X:X_test,y:y_test,kp:1.0})

        print('----------------测试数据上的准确率：---------------',score_test)

iter count:101。mini_batch loss:1.4157。训练数据上的准确率：0.5234。测试数据上准确率：0.4711

iter count:102。mini_batch loss:1.6045。训练数据上的准确率：0.4375。测试数据上准确率：0.4711

....

iter count:748。mini_batch loss:0.6842。训练数据上的准确率：0.7734。测试数据上准确率：0.4711

iter count:749。mini_batch loss:0.6560。训练数据上的准确率：0.8203。测试数据上准确率：0.4711

iter count:750。mini_batch loss:0.7151。训练数据上的准确率：0.7578。测试数据上准确率：0.4711

iter count:751。mini_batch loss:0.8092。训练数据上的准确率：0.7344。测试数据上准确率：0.4711

iter count:752。mini_batch loss:0.7394。训练数据上的准确率：0.7422。测试数据上准确率：0.4711

iter count:753。mini_batch loss:0.8732。训练数据上的准确率：0.7188。测试数据上准确率：0.4711

iter count:754。mini_batch loss:0.8762。训练数据上的准确率：0.6953。测试数据上准确率：0.4711

准确率高达80%，博主亲测，以上准确率数据部分展示，大家可以多训练几次。哈哈哈~~~

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