FastDFS前奏
在开始之前,这篇文章并不是初级入门的文章,在该文章发布之前已经有两篇文章讲述了FastDFS和SpringBoot相关的知识,请参阅:
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《Java高级架构之FastDFS分布式文件集群》:https://blog.51cto.com/xvjunjie/2377669
- 《SpringBoot集成FastDFS+Nginx整合基于Token的防盗链》:https://blog.51cto.com/xvjunjie/2381361
如果需要在FastDFS中实现HTTPS功能,请参阅:
- 《Vue、SprinBoot开发运维的一些坑和知识集锦》:https://blog.51cto.com/xvjunjie/2440933
在下图中,任何一个节点都支持水平横向无限扩展。当在某一个Group中添加新的Storage服务器的时候,新加入该Group的服务器会自动同步所有数据。当新添加Group的时候,只需要修改处于前端的Nginx服务器即可。要实现主备自动切换还可以加入KeepAlived中间件。
- FastDFS服务器通过HTTP提供服务,但是HTTP的性能太弱,所以在V4.05之后的版本中删除了内置的HTTP服务。
- FastDFS的Group之间的Storage需要复制数据,如果请求的数据正在复制,由于不是源服务器,那么fastdfs-nginx-module将进行重定向源服务器。
- fastdfs-nginx-module支持配置多个组,一个服务器可以配置多个Group不同的Storage。同一个Group的Storage必须端口相同。
- Nginx会为FastDFS提供负载均衡和数据缓存的功能。
- FastDFS集群的总容量等于全部Group容量之和。一个Group的容量等于最小的Storage服务器容量。
- 组一般用于隔离不同的数据。
FastDFS分布式文件集群HA架构图
集群中具体机器配置
安装软件 | 机器主机名 | 应用IP地址 | 管理IP地址 |
---|---|---|---|
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module | fastdfs-storage1-group1 | 192.168.80.11 | 192.168.10.11 |
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module | fastdfs-storage2-group1 | 192.168.80.12 | 192.168.10.12 |
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module | fastdfs-storage3-group1 | 192.168.80.13 | 192.168.10.13 |
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module | fastdfs-storage4-group2 | 192.168.80.14 | 192.168.10.14 |
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module | fastdfs-storage5-group2 | 192.168.80.15 | 192.168.10.15 |
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module | fastdfs-storage6-group2 | 192.168.80.16 | 192.168.10.16 |
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module | fastdfs-storage7-group3 | 192.168.80.17 | 192.168.10.17 |
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module | fastdfs-storage8-group3 | 192.168.80.18 | 192.168.10.18 |
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module | fastdfs-storage9-group3 | 192.168.80.19 | 192.168.10.19 |
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module | fastdfs-storage10-group1-new | 192.168.80.20 | 192.168.10.20 |
fastdfs | fastdfs-tracker1 | 192.168.80.21 | 192.168.10.21 |
fastdfs | fastdfs-tracker2 | 192.168.80.22 | 192.168.10.22 |
fastdfs | fastdfs-tracker3 | 192.168.80.23 | 192.168.10.23 |
nginx | fastdfs-nginx0 | 192.168.80.50 | 192.168.10.50 |
nginx | fastdfs-nginx1 | 192.168.80.51 | 192.168.10.51 |
(1)在所有服务器上部署FastDFS服务
yum update
mkdir /source
cd /source
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make cmake wget libevent
wget https://github.com/happyfish200/libfastcommon/archive/V1.0.35.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/happyfish200/fastdfs/archive/V5.10.tar.gz
tar -zxvf V1.0.35.tar.gz
tar -zxvf V5.10.tar.gz
cd libfastcommon-1.0.35
./make.sh
./make.sh install
ln -s /usr/lib64/libfastcommon.so /usr/local/lib/libfastcommon.so
cd ../
cd fastdfs-5.10/
./make.sh
./make.sh install
cd ../
cp /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
cp /etc/fdfs/storage.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
cp /etc/fdfs/client.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/client.conf
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/tracker
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/storage
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/client
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume0
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume1
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume2
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume3
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume4
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume5
(2)为Storage部署fastdfs-nginx-module
部署步骤
# 添加用户
useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M
# 安装Nginx需要的pcre(Perl兼容正则表达式)库,允许Nginx使用rewrite模块提供URL重写功能。
yum install pcre pcre-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed -y
# 安装openssl-devel,允许Nginx提供HTTPS服务。
yum install openssl-devel -y
# 下载软件包
cd /source
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/fastdfs/FastDFS%20Nginx%20Module%20Source%20Code/fastdfs-nginx-module_v1.16.tar.gz
# 解压软件包
tar xvf fastdfs-nginx-module_v1.16.tar.gz
tar -xvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
# 创建必要的软连接
ln -s /usr/include/fastdfs/ /usr/local/include/fastdfs
ln -s /usr/include/fastcommon/ /usr/local/include/fastcommon
cp fastdfs-5.10/conf/http.conf /etc/fdfs/
cp fastdfs-5.10/conf/mime.types /etc/fdfs/
cp fastdfs-nginx-module/src/mod_fastdfs.conf /etc/fdfs/
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/fastdfs-nginx-module
# 编译安装
cd nginx-1.16.1
./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/application/nginx-1.16.1 --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-poll_module --with-file-aio --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-pcre --with-http_stub_status_module --with-stream --add-module=/source/fastdfs-nginx-module/src/
make
make install
ln -s /application/nginx-1.16.1/ /application/nginx
# 修改权限并创建systemd控制单元
chown -R nginx:nginx /application/nginx*
touch /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
Nginx配置文件
user nginx;
worker_processes 8;
error_log logs/error.log;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
# 配置为主机域名
server_name fastdfs-storage1-group1;
access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location ~/group[0-9] {
ngx_fastdfs_module;
}
}
}
配置mod_fastdfs.conf文件
base_path=/data/fdfs/fastdfs-nginx-module
tracker_server=192.168.80.21:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.22:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.23:22122
# 配置所属组的名称
group_name=group1
url_have_group_name = true
store_path_count=6
store_path0=/data/fdfs/disks/volume0
store_path2=/data/fdfs/disks/volume1
store_path3=/data/fdfs/disks/volume2
store_path4=/data/fdfs/disks/volume3
store_path5=/data/fdfs/disks/volume4
store_path6=/data/fdfs/disks/volume5
Nginx SystemD单元脚本
[Unit]
Description=nginx
Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/application/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecStart=/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
Restart=on-abort
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
(3)配置Tracker服务器集群
# 配置tracker的IP地址或者主机域名,前提要进行配置静态hosts解析或者配置DNS
bind_addr=192.168.80.21
# tracker的数据和日志存储目录
base_path=/data/fdfs/tracker
(4)配置Storage服务器集群
# 配置该Storage服务属于哪一个Group
group_name=group1
# 配置绑定的IP地址或者主机域名
bind_addr=192.168.80.12
# 配置日志存储目录
base_path=/data/fdfs/storage
# 配置数据存储目录的个数
store_path_count=6
# 配置数据存储目录
store_path0=/data/fdfs/disks/volume0
store_path2=/data/fdfs/disks/volume1
store_path3=/data/fdfs/disks/volume2
store_path4=/data/fdfs/disks/volume3
store_path5=/data/fdfs/disks/volume4
store_path6=/data/fdfs/disks/volume5
# 配置跟踪服务器的IP地址或者主机域名
tracker_server=192.168.80.21:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.22:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.23:22122
在全部主机上执行启动服务并设置为开机自启动
(5)在NGINX节点上配置NGINX进行负载均衡
NGINX配置文件
user nginx;
worker_processes 8;
error_log logs/error.log;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
gzip on;
# Group1的Storage节点
upstream g1_pool {
server 192.168.80.11 weight=1;
server 192.168.80.12 weight=1;
server 192.168.80.13 weight=1;
}
# Group2的Storage节点
upstream g2_pool {
server 192.168.80.14 weight=1;
server 192.168.80.15 weight=1;
server 192.168.80.16 weight=1;
}
# Group3的Storage节点
upstream g3_pool {
server 192.168.80.17 weight=1;
server 192.168.80.18 weight=1;
server 192.168.80.19 weight=1;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location ~/group1 {
proxy_pass http://g1_pool;
}
location ~/group2 {
proxy_pass http://g2_pool;
}
location ~/group3 {
proxy_pass http://g3_pool;
}
}
}
启动所有服务
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx
# 如果是跟踪服务器执行这两行
systemctl restart fdfs_trackerd
systemctl enable fdfs_trackerd
# 如果是存储服务器执行这两行
systemctl restart fdfs_storaged
systemctl enable fdfs_storaged
(6)使用FastDFS自带的Client上传图片进行测试
在任意一台服务器配置/etc/fdfs/client.conf
base_path=/data/fdfs/client
tracker_server=192.168.80.21:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.22:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.23:22122
在这台服务器进行上传文件测试
可以看到经过多次上传测试,多Group+多Tracker+多Storager生效了。
group2/M00/00/00/wKhQDl2y9aOAcngTACdpr-L7emo254.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group2/M00/00/00/wKhQD12y9aiARzwQACdpr-L7emo948.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group2/M00/00/00/wKhQEF2y9ayAZBcBACdpr-L7emo474.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQEV2y9a6Af_mrACdpr-L7emo390.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQEl2y9a-Ae1cWACdpr-L7emo570.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQE12y9bGAbWemACdpr-L7emo654.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bKADzEIACdpr-L7emo251.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQEl2y9bOAHT16ACdpr-L7emo211.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQE12y9bSAEwBUACdpr-L7emo190.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bWAc4CSACdpr-L7emo991.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQEl2y9baAJmqNACdpr-L7emo880.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQE12y9biAbE8IACdpr-L7emo426.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M03/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bmAGh6pACdpr-L7emo466.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M03/00/00/wKhQEl2y9bmATKQjACdpr-L7emo349.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M03/00/00/wKhQE12y9bmAXVOfACdpr-L7emo921.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M04/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bmAV9sqACdpr-L7emo420.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M04/00/00/wKhQEl2y9bqAOg2NACdpr-L7emo216.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M04/00/00/wKhQE12y9bqAcZKEACdpr-L7emo382.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M05/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bqAJVS9ACdpr-L7emo910.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M05/00/00/wKhQEl2y9buATzq2ACdpr-L7emo523.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M05/00/00/wKhQE12y9buALTHRACdpr-L7emo483.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQEV2y9buAJO-PACdpr-L7emo079.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQEl2y9buAP1NpACdpr-L7emo443.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
^[[Agroup3/M00/00/00/wKhQE12y9byAdfYxACdpr-L7emo025.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQEV2y9byAJB2OACdpr-L7emo747.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQEl2y9byAIye6ACdpr-L7emo456.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQE12y9byADddiACdpr-L7emo585.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
^[[Agroup3/M02/00/00/wKhQEV2y9b2AFuifACdpr-L7emo318.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQEl2y9b2AQ3prACdpr-L7emo501.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQE12y9b2AbG-UACdpr-L7emo027.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group1/M00/00/00/wKhQC12y9b6AZ866ACdpr-L7emo376.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group1/M00/00/00/wKhQDF2y9b6ABGW6ACdpr-L7emo312.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group1/M00/00/00/wKhQDV2y9b6AFEd_ACdpr-L7emo639.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group1/M01/00/00/wKhQC12y9b-AU07YACdpr-L7emo467.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group1/M01/00/00/wKhQDF2y9b-ALDNrACdpr-L7emo209.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group1/M01/00/00/wKhQDV2y9b-AAsKGACdpr-L7emo483.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group1/M02/00/00/wKhQC12y9b-AfzkvACdpr-L7emo440.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group1/M02/00/00/wKhQDF2y9cCATq8TACdpr-L7emo504.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group1/M02/00/00/wKhQDV2y9cCAUPEnACdpr-L7emo555.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group1/M03/00/00/wKhQC12y9cCABjj9ACdpr-L7emo576.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
group1/M03/00/00/wKhQDF2y9cGAHNLqACdpr-L7emo735.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png
(7)集成到SpringBoot工程进行测试
在SpringBoot中使用FastDFS的时候需要集成fastdfs-spring-boot-starter:
项目主页GitHub地址:https://github.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-spring-boot-starter
- 项目主页码云地址:https://gitee.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-spring-boot-starter
克隆项目到本地
git clone https://github.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-spring-boot-starter.git
cd fastdfs-spring-boot-starter
使用Maven编译打包并安装到本地
mvn clean install
mvn source:jar install
mvn javadoc:jar install
在POM文件中添加依赖
com.bluemiaomiao
fastdfs-spring-boot-starter
1.0-SNAPSHOT
在主配置类上添加注解 (
@EnableFastdfsClient
)
@EnableFastdfsClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
@Autowired
private FastdfsClientService fastdfsClientService;
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
添加配置条目(application.properties)
fastdfs.nginx-servers=192.168.80.50:80,192.168.80.51:80
fastdfs.tracker-servers=192.168.80.21:22122,192.168.80.22:22122,192.168.80.23:22122
fastdfs.http-secret-key=2scPwMPctXhbLVOYB0jyuyQzytOofmFCBIYe65n56PPYVWrn
# 在本项目中没有使用Token功能
fastdfs.http-anti-steal-token=false
fastdfs.http-tracker-http-port=8080
fastdfs.network-timeout=30
fastdfs.connect-timeout=5
fastdfs.connection-pool-max-idle=18
fastdfs.connection-pool-min-idle=2
fastdfs.connection-pool-max-total=18
fastdfs.charset=UTF-8
或者添加配置条目(application.yml)
fastdfs:
charset: UTF-8
connect-timeout: 5
http-secret-key: 2scPwMPctXhbLVOYB0jyuyQzytOofmFCBIYe65n56PPYVWrn
network-timeout: 30
http-anti-steal-token: false
http-tracker-http-port: 8080
connection-pool-max-idle: 20
connection-pool-max-total: 20
connection-pool-min-idle: 2
nginx-servers: 192.168.80.50:80,192.168.80.51:80
tracker-servers: 192.168.80.21:22122,192.168.80.22:22122,192.168.80.23:22122
测试主要代码
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/file")
public class FileController {
@Autowired
private FastdfsClientService fastdfsClientService;
@PostMapping("/upload")
public String[] upload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
String[] remoteInfo = null;
try {
remoteInfo = fastdfsClientService.upload("group1", file.getBytes(), "png", null);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return remoteInfo;
}
@GetMapping("/download")
public String download(@RequestParam("group") String group, @RequestParam("file_id") String fileId) {
String url = "";
try {
url = fastdfsClientService.autoDownloadWithoutToken(group, fileId, UUID.randomUUID().toString());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return url;
}
}
项目测试代码:https://github.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-cluster-test.git
- 国内码云:https://gitee.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-cluster-test.git
分享名称:FastDFS的HA架构多Group多Storage多Tracker结合SpringBoot
链接URL:http://lswzjz.com/article/jgioch.html