让客户满意是我们工作的目标，不断超越客户的期望值来自于我们对这个行业的热爱。我们立志把好的技术通过有效、简单的方式提供给客户，将通过不懈努力成为客户在信息化领域值得信任、有价值的长期合作伙伴，公司提供的服务项目有：域名与空间、虚拟主机、营销软件、网站建设、辽宁网站维护、网站推广。

安装MySQL-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

0、首先解压

[root@VM_83_223_centos ~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

1、创建mysql用户

[root@VM_83_223_centos scripts]# useradd mysql

2、设置mysql用户的密码

[root@VM_83_223_centos scripts]# passwd mysql

Changing password for user mysql.

New password:

Retype new password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

3、设置/usr/local/mysql目录的权限

[root@VM_83_223_centos local]# mkdir mysql

[root@VM_83_223_centos local]#

[root@VM_83_223_centos local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql/

4、执行mysql安装脚本，报错

[root@VM_83_223_centos scripts]# ./mysql_install_db

FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./mysql_install_db:

Data::Dumper

解决方法：

安装autoconf库，此包安装时会安装Data::Dumper模块

[root@VM_83_223_centos scripts]# yum install autoconf   

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package autoconf.noarch 0:2.69-11.el7 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: m4 >= 1.4.14 for package: autoconf-2.69-11.el7.noarch

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Data::Dumper) for package: autoconf-2.69-11.el7.noarch

--> Running transaction check

---> Package m4.x86_64 0:1.4.16-10.el7 will be installed

---> Package perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===================================================================================================================================================================

 Package                                      Arch                               Version                                      Repository                      Size

===================================================================================================================================================================

Installing:

 autoconf                                     noarch                             2.69-11.el7                                  os                             701 k

Installing for dependencies:

 m4                                           x86_64                             1.4.16-10.el7                                os                             256 k

 perl-Data-Dumper                             x86_64                             2.145-3.el7                                  os                              47 k

Transaction Summary

===================================================================================================================================================================

Install  1 Package (+2 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 1.0 M

Installed size: 2.8 M

Is this ok [y/d/N]: y

Downloading packages:

(1/3): m4-1.4.16-10.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                          | 256 kB  00:00:00     

(2/3): perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                              |  47 kB  00:00:00     

(3/3): autoconf-2.69-11.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                      | 701 kB  00:00:00     

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total                                                                                                                              5.7 MB/s | 1.0 MB  00:00:00     

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

  Installing : m4-1.4.16-10.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                         1/3

  Installing : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                             2/3

  Installing : autoconf-2.69-11.el7.noarch                                                                                                                     3/3

  Verifying  : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                             1/3

  Verifying  : m4-1.4.16-10.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                         2/3

  Verifying  : autoconf-2.69-11.el7.noarch                                                                                                                     3/3

Installed:

  autoconf.noarch 0:2.69-11.el7                                                                                                                                    

Dependency Installed:

  m4.x86_64 0:1.4.16-10.el7                                                  perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7                                                 

Complete!

5、安装成功后，再次执行安装脚本，又出现报错

root@VM_83_223_centos scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

FATAL ERROR: Could not find ./bin/my_print_defaults

If you compiled from source, you need to run 'make install' to

copy the software into the correct location ready for operation.

If you are using a binary release, you must either be at the top

level of the extracted archive, or pass the --basedir option

pointing to that location.

root@VM_83_223_centos scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

FATAL ERROR: Could not find ./bin/my_print_defaults

If you compiled from source, you need to run 'make install' to

copy the software into the correct location ready for operation.

If you are using a binary release, you must either be at the top

level of the extracted archive, or pass the --basedir option

pointing to that location.

按照报错信息，去mysql安装目录的bin目下查找是否有my_print_defaults,发现有这个文件

[root@VM_83_223_centos ~]# ls mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/

innochecksum       mysql             mysql_client_test           mysqld_multi          mysqlhotcopy               mysqltest            replace

msql2mysql         mysqlaccess       mysql_client_test_embedded  mysqld_safe           mysqlimport                mysqltest_embedded   resolveip

myisamchk          mysqlaccess.conf  mysql_config                mysqldump             mysql_plugin               mysql_tzinfo_to_sql  resolve_stack_dump

myisam_ftdump      mysqladmin        mysql_config_editor         mysqldumpslow         mysql_secure_installation  mysql_upgrade

myisamlog          mysqlbinlog       mysql_convert_table_format  mysql_embedded        mysql_setpermission        mysql_waitpid

myisampack         mysqlbug          mysqld                      mysql_find_rows       mysqlshow                  mysql_zap

my_print_defaults  mysqlcheck        mysqld-debug                mysql_fix_extensions  mysqlslap                  perror

看来其实不是没有这个文件，不是这个问题。认真查看报错信息，可注意到那个路径是相对路径，是以mysql的安装目录为起始。而初始化则是进去初始化脚本目录里运行脚本，而在这个目录下不会有./bin/my_print_defaults的。所以回到安装目录以相对路径去执行初始化脚本。

解决方法：

(1)首先将解压后的所有文件都复制到mysql的安装目录下/usr/bin/mysql

[root@VM_83_223_centos ~]# cp -R mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql/

[root@VM_83_223_centos ~]# cd /usr/local/

[root@VM_83_223_centos local]# cd mysql/

[root@VM_83_223_centos mysql]# ll

total 68

drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Mar 27 20:59 bin

-rw-r--r--  1 root root 17987 Mar 27 20:59 COPYING

drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Mar 27 20:59 data

drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Mar 27 20:59 docs

drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Mar 27 20:59 include

drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Mar 27 20:59 lib

drwxr-xr-x  4 root root  4096 Mar 27 20:59 man

drwxr-xr-x 10 root root  4096 Mar 27 21:00 mysql-test

-rw-r--r--  1 root root  2496 Mar 27 20:59 README

drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Mar 27 21:00 scripts

drwxr-xr-x 28 root root  4096 Mar 27 21:00 share

drwxr-xr-x  4 root root  4096 Mar 27 21:00 sql-bench

drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Mar 27 21:00 support-files

(2)采用绝对路径执行安装脚本

[root@VM_83_223_centos mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

Installing MySQL system tables...2018-03-27 21:01:02 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2018-03-27 21:01:02 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.

2018-03-27 21:01:02 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.36) starting as process 20251 ...

2018-03-27 21:01:02 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages

2018-03-27 21:01:02 20251 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled

2018-03-27 21:01:02 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins

2018-03-27 21:01:02 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used

2018-03-27 21:01:02 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3

2018-03-27 21:01:02 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO

2018-03-27 21:01:02 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions

2018-03-27 21:01:02 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M

2018-03-27 21:01:02 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool

2018-03-27 21:01:02 20251 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!

2018-03-27 21:01:02 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB

2018-03-27 21:01:02 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...

2018-03-27 21:01:02 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB

2018-03-27 21:01:03 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB

2018-03-27 21:01:03 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0

2018-03-27 21:01:03 20251 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781

2018-03-27 21:01:03 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new

2018-03-27 21:01:03 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created

2018-03-27 21:01:03 20251 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.

2018-03-27 21:01:03 20251 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

2018-03-27 21:01:03 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created

2018-03-27 21:01:03 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.

2018-03-27 21:01:03 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.

2018-03-27 21:01:03 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start

2018-03-27 21:01:03 20251 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.36 started; log sequence number 0

2018-03-27 21:01:05 20251 [Note] Binlog end

2018-03-27 21:01:05 20251 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.

2018-03-27 21:01:05 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20251 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977

OK

Filling help tables...2018-03-27 21:01:06 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2018-03-27 21:01:06 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.

2018-03-27 21:01:06 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.36) starting as process 20274 ...

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.36 started; log sequence number 1625977

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] Binlog end

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.

2018-03-27 21:01:06 20274 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...

2018-03-27 21:01:08 20274 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987

OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy

support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !

To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'

  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h VM_83_223_centos password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:

  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test

databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is

strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:

  cd . ; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl

  cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/

The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at

  http://www.mysql.com

Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com

New default config file was created as /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf and

will be used by default by the server when you start it.

You may edit this file to change server settings

WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system

This file will be read by default by the MySQL server

If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the

--defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server

6、修改相关的配置文件

[root@VM_83_223_centos mysql]# ll

total 72

drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root   4096 Mar 27 20:59 bin

-rw-r--r--  1 root  root  17987 Mar 27 20:59 COPYING

drwxr-xr-x  5 mysql mysql  4096 Mar 27 21:01 data

drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root   4096 Mar 27 20:59 docs

drwxr-xr-x  3 root  root   4096 Mar 27 20:59 include

drwxr-xr-x  3 root  root   4096 Mar 27 20:59 lib

drwxr-xr-x  4 root  root   4096 Mar 27 20:59 man

-rw-r--r--  1 root  root    943 Mar 27 21:01 my.cnf

drwxr-xr-x 10 root  root   4096 Mar 27 21:00 mysql-test

-rw-r--r--  1 root  root   2496 Mar 27 20:59 README

drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root   4096 Mar 27 21:00 scripts

drwxr-xr-x 28 root  root   4096 Mar 27 21:00 share

drwxr-xr-x  4 root  root   4096 Mar 27 21:00 sql-bench

drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root   4096 Mar 27 21:00 support-files

[root@VM_83_223_centos mysql]# cd support-files/

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]# ll

total 32

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  1153 Mar 27 21:00 binary-configure

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   773 Mar 27 21:00 magic

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1126 Mar 27 21:00 my-default.cnf

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  1061 Mar 27 21:00 mysqld_multi.server

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   894 Mar 27 21:00 mysql-log-rotate

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10565 Mar 27 21:00 mysql.server

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

cp: overwrite ‘/etc/my.cnf’? y

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@VM_83_223_centos mysql]# ll

total 72

drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root   4096 Mar 27 20:59 bin

-rw-r--r--  1 root  root  17987 Mar 27 20:59 COPYING

drwxr-xr-x  5 mysql mysql  4096 Mar 27 21:01 data

drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root   4096 Mar 27 20:59 docs

drwxr-xr-x  3 root  root   4096 Mar 27 20:59 include

drwxr-xr-x  3 root  root   4096 Mar 27 20:59 lib

drwxr-xr-x  4 root  root   4096 Mar 27 20:59 man

-rw-r--r--  1 root  root    943 Mar 27 21:01 my.cnf

drwxr-xr-x 10 root  root   4096 Mar 27 21:00 mysql-test

-rw-r--r--  1 root  root   2496 Mar 27 20:59 README

drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root   4096 Mar 27 21:00 scripts

drwxr-xr-x 28 root  root   4096 Mar 27 21:00 share

drwxr-xr-x  4 root  root   4096 Mar 27 21:00 sql-bench

drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root   4096 Mar 27 21:00 support-files

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]#vim /etc/init.d/mysql  #若mysql的安装目录是/usr/local/mysql,则可省略此步

修改文件中的两个变更值

basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

7、配置环境变量

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]#vim /etc/profile

添加下面两行

export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH

使修改生效

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]#source /etc/profile

8、配置服务，启动服务并设置为自启动

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]# chkconfig --add mysql  

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]#

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]# systemctl status mysql.service

● mysql.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL

   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql; bad; vendor preset: disabled)

   Active: inactive (dead)

     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]#

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]# systemctl start mysql.service    

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]#

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]# systemctl status mysql.service

● mysql.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL

   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql; bad; vendor preset: disabled)

   Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-03-27 21:12:07 CST; 2s ago

     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)

  Process: 21092 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

   CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service

           ├─21097 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/VM_83_223_centos.pid

           └─21204 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql ...

Mar 27 21:12:06 VM_83_223_centos systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL...

Mar 27 21:12:06 VM_83_223_centos mysql[21092]: Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/VM_83_223_centos.err'.

Mar 27 21:12:07 VM_83_223_centos mysql[21092]: SUCCESS!

Mar 27 21:12:07 VM_83_223_centos systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL.

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]# systemctl enable mysql.service

mysql.service is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.

Executing /sbin/chkconfig mysql on

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]#

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]# /sbin/chkconfig mysql on

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]#

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]# chkconfig --list mysql

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native

      systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native

      systemd configuration.

      If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.

      To see services enabled on particular target use

      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.

mysql           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

9、设置root用户的密码

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'qcloud@2018'              

Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

10、登录授权

[root@VM_83_223_centos support-files]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select version();

+-----------+

| version() |

+-----------+

| 5.6.36    |

+-----------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;

+---------------------+------+

| host                | user |

+---------------------+------+

| 127.0.0.1           | root |

| ::1                 | root |

| localhost           |      |

| localhost           | root |

| vm\_83\_223\_centos |      |

| vm\_83\_223\_centos | root |

+---------------------+------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'qcloud@2018' WITH GRANT OPTION;      

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;

+---------------------+------+

| host                | user |

+---------------------+------+

| %                   | root |

| 127.0.0.1           | root |

| ::1                 | root |

| localhost           |      |

| localhost           | root |

| vm\_83\_223\_centos |      |

| vm\_83\_223\_centos | root |

+---------------------+------+

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

作者：SEian.G（苦练七十二变，笑对八十一难）