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由于维护人员修改 OracleLinux 7中的/dev/shm大小造成其大小小于Oracle实例的MEMORY_TARGET或者SGA_TARGET而导致集群不能启动(CRS-4535,CRS-4000) 
[grid@jtp1 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t
CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services
CRS-4000: Command Status failed, or completed with errors.

检查asm磁盘的权限是否有问题
[root@jtp3 ~]# ls -lrt /dev/asm*

重启crs 
[root@jtp1 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs -f

[root@jtp1 bin]# ./crsctl start crs
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.

查看crs的alert.log发现磁盘组不能加载 
[root@jtp1 ~]# tail -f /u01/app/grid/diag/crs/jtp1/crs/trace/alert.log
locations are on ASM disk groups [CRS], and none of these disk groups are mounted
继续查看 ohasd_orarootagent_root.trc

[root@jtp1 ~]# more /u01/app/grid/diag/crs/jtp1/crs/trace/ohasd_orarootagent_root.trc
Trace file /u01/app/grid/diag/crs/jtp1/crs/trace/ohasd_orarootagent_root.trc
Oracle Database 12c Clusterware Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production Copyright 1996, 2016 Oracle. All rights reserved.

*** TRACE CONTINUED FROM FILE /u01/app/grid/diag/crs/jtp1/crs/trace/ohasd_orarootagent_root_93.trc ***

2018-04-02 18:42:09.165 : CSSCLNT:3554666240: clsssterm: terminating context (0x7f03c0229390)
2018-04-02 18:42:09.165 : default:3554666240: clsCredDomClose: Credctx deleted 0x7f03c0459470
2018-04-02 18:42:09.166 :    GPNP:3554666240: clsgpnp_dbmsGetItem_profile: [at clsgpnp_dbms.c:399] Result: (0) CLSGPNP_OK. (:GPNP00401:)got ASM-Profile.Mode='remote'
2018-04-02 18:42:09.253 : CSSCLNT:3554666240: clsssinit: initialized context: (0x7f03c045c2c0) flags 0x115
2018-04-02 18:42:09.253 : CSSCLNT:3554666240: clsssterm: terminating context (0x7f03c045c2c0)
2018-04-02 18:42:09.254 :  CLSNS:3554666240: clsns_SetTraceLevel:trace level set to 1.
2018-04-02 18:42:09.254 :    GPNP:3554666240: clsgpnp_dbmsGetItem_profile: [at clsgpnp_dbms.c:399] Result: (0) CLSGPNP_OK. (:GPNP00401:)got ASM-Profile.Mode='remote'
2018-04-02 18:42:09.257 : default:3554666240: Inited LSF context: 0x7f03c04f0420
2018-04-02 18:42:09.260 : CLSCRED:3554666240: clsCredCommonInit: Inited singleton credctx.
2018-04-02 18:42:09.260 : CLSCRED:3554666240: (:CLSCRED0101:)clsCredDomInitRootDom: Using user given storage context for repository access.
2018-04-02 18:42:09.294 : USRTHRD:3554666240: {0:9:3} 8033 Error 4 querying length of attr ASM_DISCOVERY_ADDRESS

2018-04-02 18:42:09.300 : USRTHRD:3554666240: {0:9:3} 8033 Error 4 querying length of attr ASM_DISCOVERY_ADDRESS

2018-04-02 18:42:09.356 : CLSCRED:3554666240: (:CLSCRED1079:)clsCredOcrKeyExists: Obj dom : SYSTEM.credentials.domains.root.ASM.Self.5c82286a084bcf37ffa014144074e5dd.root not found
2018-04-02 18:42:09.356 : USRTHRD:3554666240: {0:9:3} 7755 Error 4 opening dom root in 0x7f03c064c980

检查ASM的alert.log 发现/dev/shm大小小于MEMORY_TARGET大小，并且给出了/dev/shm应该被设置的最小值 
[root@jtp1 ~]# tail -f /u01/app/grid/diag/asm/+asm/+ASM1/trace/alert_+ASM1.log
WARNING: ASM does not support ipclw. Switching to skgxp
WARNING: ASM does not support ipclw. Switching to skgxp
WARNING: ASM does not support ipclw. Switching to skgxp
* instance_number obtained from CSS = 1, checking for the existence of node 0...
* node 0 does not exist. instance_number = 1
Starting ORACLE instance (normal) (OS id: 9343)
2018-04-02T18:31:00.187055+08:00
CLI notifier numLatches:7 maxDescs:2301
2018-04-02T18:31:00.193961+08:00
WARNING: You are trying to use the MEMORY_TARGET feature. This feature requires the /dev/shm file system to be mounted for at least 1140850688 bytes. /dev/shm is either not mounted or is mounted with available space less than this size. Please fix this so that MEMORY_TARGET can work as expected. Current available is 1073573888 and used is 167936 bytes. Ensure that the mount point is /dev/shm for this directory.

修改/dev/shm的大小可以通过修改/etc/fstab来实现，将/dev/shm的大小修改为12G 
[root@jtp1 bin]# df -h
Filesystem          Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ol-root  49G  42G  7.9G  85% /
devtmpfs              12G  28K  12G  1% /dev
tmpfs                1.0G  164K  1.0G  1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                1.0G  9.3M 1015M  1% /run
tmpfs                1.0G    0  1.0G  0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1          1014M  141M  874M  14% /boot
[root@jtp1 bin]# vi /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sat Mar 18 15:27:13 2017
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/ol-root    /                      xfs    defaults        0 0
UUID=ca5854cd-0125-4954-a5c4-1ac42c9a0f70 /boot                  xfs    defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/ol-swap    swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs  defaults,size=12G        0 0
tmpfs                  /run                    tmpfs  defaults,size=12G        0 0
tmpfs                  /sys/fs/cgroup          tmpfs  defaults,size=12G        0 0

重启集群后，再次检查集群资源状态恢复正常 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[grid@jtp1 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name          Target  State        Server                  State details
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp1                  STABLE
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.CRS.dg
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp1                  STABLE
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.DATA.dg
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp1                  STABLE
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.FRA.dg
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp1                  STABLE
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp1                  STABLE
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.TEST.dg
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp1                  STABLE
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.chad
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp1                  STABLE
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.net1.network
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp1                  STABLE
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.ons
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp1                  STABLE
              ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.proxy_advm
              OFFLINE OFFLINE      jtp1                  STABLE
              OFFLINE OFFLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp1                  STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  169.254.237.250 88.8
                                                            8.88.2,STABLE
ora.asm
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp1                  Started,STABLE
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  Started,STABLE
      3        OFFLINE OFFLINE                              STABLE
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.jy.db
      1        ONLINE  OFFLINE                              STABLE
      2        ONLINE  OFFLINE                              STABLE
ora.jtp1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp1                  STABLE
ora.jtp2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.mgmtdb
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  Open,STABLE
ora.qosmserver
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp1                  STABLE
ora.scan2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
ora.scan3.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE      jtp2                  STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

到此集群恢复正常

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