亚马逊CEO贝索斯普林斯顿大学毕业演讲

杰夫·贝索斯(Jeff Bezos)，美国企业家、风险投资人、亚马逊(Amazon)的创始人和 CEO。2014年8月5日，他宣布个人出资2.5亿美元收购《华盛顿邮报》。本文是他作为荣誉校友在普林斯顿大学2010年毕业典礼上的演讲。

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We Are What We Choose

选择塑造人生——杰夫·贝索斯

As a kid, I spent my summers with my grandparents on their ranch in Texas. I helped fix windmills, vaccinate cattle, and do other chores. We also watched soap operas every afternoon, especially "Days of our Lives." My grandparents belonged to a Caravan Club, a group of Airstream trailer owners who travel together around the U.S. and Canada. And every few summers, we'd join the caravan. We'd hitch up the Airstream trailer to my grandfather's car, and off we'd go, in a line with 300 other Airstream adventurers. I loved and worshipped my grandparents and I really looked forward to these trips. On one particular trip, I was about 10 years old. I was rolling around in the big bench seat in the back of the car. My grandfather was driving. And my grandmother had the passenger seat. She smoked throughout these trips, and I hated the smell.

在我还是一个孩子的时候，我的夏天总是在德州祖父母的农场中度过。我帮忙修理风车，为牛接种疫苗，也做其它家务。每天下午，我们都会看肥皂剧，尤其是《我们的岁月》。我的祖父母参加了一个房车俱乐部，那是一群驾驶Airstream拖挂型房车的人们，他们结伴遍游美国和加拿大。每隔几个夏天，我也会加入他们。我们把房车挂在祖父的小汽车后面，然后加入300余名Airstream探险者们组成的浩荡队伍。我爱我的祖父母，我崇敬他们，也真心期盼这些旅程。那是一次我大概十岁时的旅行，我照例坐在后座的长椅上，祖父开着车，祖母坐在他旁边，吸着烟。我讨厌烟味。

At that age, I'd take any excuse to make estimates and do minor arithmetic. I'd calculate our gas mileage -- figure out useless statistics on things like grocery spending. I'd been hearing an ad campaign about smoking. I can't remember the details, but basically the ad said, every puff of a cigarette takes some number of minutes off of your life: I think it might have been two minutes per puff. At any rate, I decided to do the math for my grandmother. I estimated the number of cigarettes per days, estimated the number of puffs per cigarette and so on. When I was satisfied that I'd come up with a reasonable number, I poked my head into the front of the car, tapped my grandmother on the shoulder, and proudly proclaimed, "At two minutes per puff, you've taken nine years off your life!"

在那样的年纪，我会找任何借口做些估测或者小算术。我会计算油耗还有杂货花销等鸡毛蒜皮的小事。我听过一个有关吸烟的广告。我记不得细节了，但是广告大意是说，每吸一口香烟会减少几分钟的寿命，大概是两分钟。无论如何，我决定为祖母做个算术。我估测了祖母每天要吸几支香烟，每支香烟要吸几口等等，然后心满意足地得出了一个合理的数字。接着，我捅了捅坐在前面的祖母的头，又拍了拍她的肩膀，然后骄傲地宣称，"每天吸两分钟的烟，你就少活九年!"

I have a vivid memory of what happened, and it was not what I expected. I expected to be applauded for my cleverness and arithmetic skills. "Jeff, you're so smart. You had to have made some tricky estimates, figure out the number of minutes in a year and do some division." That's not what happened. Instead, my grandmother burst into tears. I sat in the backseat and did not know what to do. While my grandmother sat crying, my grandfather, who had been driving in silence, pulled over onto the shoulder of the highway. He got out of the car and came around and opened my door and waited for me to follow. Was I in trouble? My grandfather was a highly intelligent, quiet man. He had never said a harsh word to me, and maybe this was to be the first time? Or maybe he would ask that I get back in the car and apologize to my grandmother. I had no experience in this realm with my grandparents and no way to gauge what the consequences might be. We stopped beside the trailer. My grandfather looked at me, and after a bit of silence, he gently and calmly said, "Jeff, one day you'll understand that it's harder to be kind than clever."

我清晰地记得接下来发生了什么，而那是我意料之外的。我本期待着小聪明和算术技巧能赢得掌声，但那并没有发生。相反，我的祖母哭泣起来。我的祖父之前一直在默默开车，把车停在了路边，走下车来，打开了我的车门，等着我跟他下车。我惹麻烦了吗?我的祖父是一个智慧而安静的人。他从来没有对我说过严厉的话，难道这会是第一次?还是他会让我回到车上跟祖母道歉?我以前从未遇到过这种状况，因而也无从知晓会有什么后果发生。我们在房车旁停下来。祖父注视着我，沉默片刻，然后轻轻地、平静地说："杰夫，有一天你会明白，善良比聪明更难。"

What I want to talk to you about today is the difference between gifts and choices. Cleverness is a gift, kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy -- they're given after all. Choices can be hard. You can seduce yourself with your gifts if you're not careful, and if you do, it'll probably be to the detriment of your choices.

选择比天赋更重要 今天我想对你们说的是，天赋和选择不同。聪明是一种天赋，而善良是一种选择。天赋得来很容易——毕竟它们与生俱来。而选择则颇为不易。如果一不小心，你可能被天赋所诱惑，这可能会损害到你做出的选择。

This is a group with many gifts. I'm sure one of your gifts is the gift of a smart and capable brain. I'm confident that's the case because admission is competitive and if there weren't some signs that you're clever, the dean of admission wouldn't have let you in.

在座各位都拥有许多天赋。我确信你们的天赋之一就是拥有精明能干的头脑。之所以如此确信，是因为入学竞争十分激烈，如果你们不能表现出聪明智慧，便没有资格进入这所学校。

Your smarts will come in handy because you will travel in a land of marvels. We humans -- plodding as we are -- will astonish ourselves. We'll invent ways to generate clean energy and a lot of it. Atom by atom, we'll assemble tiny machines that will enter cell walls and make repairs. This month comes the extraordinary but also inevitable news that we've synthesized life. In the coming years, we'll not only synthesize it, but we'll engineer it to specifications. I believe you'll even see us understand the human brain. Jules Verne, Mark Twain, Galileo, Newton -- all the curious from the ages would have wanted to be alive most of all right now. As a civilization, we will have so many gifts, just as you as individuals have so many individual gifts as you sit before me.

你们的聪明才智必定会派上用场，因为你们将在一片充满奇迹的土地上行进。我们人类，尽管跬步前行，却终将令自己大吃一惊。我们能够想方设法制造清洁能源，也能够一个原子一个原子地组装微型机械，使之穿过细胞壁，然后修复细胞。这个月，有一个异常而不可避免的事情发生了——人类终于合成了生命。在未来几年，我们不仅会合成生命，还会按说明书驱动它们。我相信你们甚至会看到我们理解人类的大脑，儒勒·凡尔纳，马克·吐温，伽利略，牛顿——所有那些充满好奇之心的人都希望能够活到现在。作为文明人，我们会拥有如此之多的天赋，就像是坐在我面前的你们，每一个生命个体都拥有许多独特的天赋。

How will you use these gifts? And will you take pride in your gifts or pride in your choices?

你们要如何运用这些天赋呢?你们会为自己的天赋感到骄傲，还是会为自己的选择感到骄傲?

I got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago. I came across the fact that Web usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year. I'd never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles -- something that simply couldn't exist in the physical world -- was very exciting to me. I had just turned 30 years old, and I'd been married for a year. I told my wife MacKenzie that I wanted to quit my job and go do this crazy thing that probably wouldn't work since most startups don't, and I wasn't sure what would happen after that. MacKenzie (also a Princeton grad and sitting here in the second row) told me I should go for it. As a young boy, I'd been a garage inventor. I'd invented an automatic gate closer out of cement-filled tires, a solar cooker that didn't work very well out of an umbrella and tinfoil, baking-pan alarms to entrap my siblings. I'd always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion.

追随自己内心的热情 16年前，我萌生了创办亚马逊的想法。彼时我面对的现实是互联网使用量以每年2300%的速度增长，我从未看到或听说过任何增长如此快速的`东西。创建涵盖几百万种书籍的网上书店的想法令我兴奋异常，因为这个东西在物理世界里根本无法存在。那时我刚刚30岁，结婚才一年。我告诉妻子MacKenzie想辞去工作，然后去做这件疯狂的事情，很可能会失败，因为大部分创业公司都是如此，而且我不确定那之后会发生什么。MacKenzie告诉我，我应该放手一搏。在我还是一个男孩儿的时候，我是车库发明家。我曾用水泥填充的轮胎、雨伞和锡箔以及报警器制作了一个自动关门器。我一直想做一个发明家，MacKenzie支持我追随内心的热情。

I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a bunch of very smart people, and I had a brilliant boss that I much admired. I went to my boss and told him I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park, listened carefully to me, and finally said, "That sounds like a really good idea, but it would be an even better idea for someone who didn't already have a good job." That logic made some sense to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a difficult choice, but ultimately, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn't think I'd regret trying and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all. After much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and I'm proud of that choice.

我当时在纽约一家金融公司工作，同事是一群非常聪明的人，我的老板也很有智慧，我很羡慕他。我告诉我的老板我想开办一家在网上卖书的公司。他带我在中央公园漫步良久，认真地听我讲完，最后说："听起来真是一个很好的主意，但是对那些目前没有谋到一份好工作的人来说，这个主意会更好。"这一逻辑对我而言颇有道理，他说服我在最终作出决定之前再考虑48小时。那样想来，这个决定确实很艰难，但是最终，我决定拼一次。我认为自己不会为尝试过后的失败而遗憾，倒是有所决定但完全不付诸行动会一直煎熬着我。在深思熟虑之后，我选择了那条不安全的道路，去追随我内心的热情。我为那个决定感到骄傲。

Tomorrow, in a very real sense, your life -- the life you author from scratch on your own -- begins.

明天，非常现实地说，你们从零塑造自己人生的时代即将开启。

How will you use your gifts? What choices will you make?

你们会如何运用自己的天赋?你们又会作出怎样的抉择?

Will inertia be your guide, or will you follow your passions?

你们是被惯性所引导，还是追随自己内心的热情?

Will you follow dogma, or will you be original?

你们会墨守陈规，还是勇于创新?

Will you choose a life of ease, or a life of service and adventure?

你们会选择安逸的生活，还是选择一个奉献与冒险的人生?

Will you wilt under criticism, or will you follow your convictions?

你们会屈从于批评，还是会坚守信念?

Will you bluff it out when you're wrong, or will you apologize?

你们会掩饰错误，还是会坦诚道歉?

Will you guard your heart against rejection, or will you act when you fall in love?

你们会因害怕拒绝而掩饰内心，还是会在面对爱情时勇往直前?

Will you play it safe, or will you be a little bit swashbuckling?

你们想要波澜不惊，还是想要搏击风浪?

When it's tough, will you give up, or will you be relentless?

你们会在严峻的现实之下选择放弃，还是会义无反顾地前行?

Will you be a cynic, or will you be a builder?

你们要做愤世嫉俗者，还是踏实的建设者?

Will you be clever at the expense of others, or will you be kind?

你们要不计一切代价地展示聪明，还是选择善良?

I will hazard a prediction. When you are 80 years old, and in a quiet moment of reflection narrating for only yourself the most personal version of your life story, the telling that will be most compact and meaningful will be the series of choices you have made. In the end, we are our choices. Build yourself a great story. Thank you and good luck!

我要做一个预测：在你们80岁时某个追忆往昔的时刻，只有你一个人静静对内心诉说着你的人生故事，其中最为充实、最有意义的那段讲述，会被你们作出的一系列决定所填满。最后，是选择塑造了我们的人生。为你自己塑造一个伟大的人生故事。谢谢，祝你们好运!

聪明是一种天赋善良是一种选择这话出自哪里？

“聪明是一种天赋，而善良是一种选择”。这句话出自亚马逊CEO杰夫·贝索斯，他的原话是：“惟善选择者生存，天赋和选择不同。

杰夫·贝索斯（Jeff Bezos，1964年1月12日~），创办了全球最大的网上书店Amazon（亚马逊），1999年当选《时代》周刊年度人物。2013年8月，贝索斯以个人名义花费2.5亿美元收购《华盛顿邮报》。

2014年2月，年仅50岁的杰夫·贝索斯以2250亿元人民币高居2014年世界富豪榜第7名。2015年9月29日，《福布斯》发布美国富豪400强榜单显示，杰夫·贝索斯以470亿美元净资产排名第四。

2016年3月9日，由亚马逊CEO杰夫·贝索斯创立的蓝色起源对外宣布，将在2017年对可重复使用亚轨道航天器New Shepard进行载人测试飞行，预计将在2018年搭载付费乘客飞行。

9月22日，彭博全球50大最具影响力人物排行榜，杰夫·贝索斯排名第5。2021年4月6日，福布斯发布《2021福布斯全球富豪榜》，排名第1位 。7月5日，贝索斯正式卸任亚马逊首席执行官一职。

当地时间2021年7月20日，亚马逊创始人贝索斯和其兄弟马克·贝索斯乘坐蓝色起源“新谢泼德”号火箭前往据地表100公里高空。同行者还有最年长和最年轻的太空人：82岁女飞行员和18岁荷兰学生。

以上内容参考：百度百科-杰夫贝索斯

chat gpt替代人类会造成大量失业吗？

我认为会造成大量的裁员，但不会造成大量的失业。 因为这个chatGPT对于职业的替换是循序渐进的，不能一蹴而就，造成大量的裁员是在一个很长的时间尺度上来说的。毫无疑问，一部分工作会被AI替代，但也会产生更多新的职业。

首先， Chat GPT目前并不够完善，不能够完全的去替代人工，其还面临许多关键的问题没有办法解决，比如它的回答中会涉及政治问题的评价，再比如他的回答并不是准确的，这是由于它自身训练数据所决定的，这些都会给公众造成很大的误导性。这些问题我相信，最后都能够通过技术手段解决，但是是需要一个发展过程的，因此ai对于人类工作的替代一步一步的。

其次，未来会有更多的新职业产生。这就要说到反生产力，我们发明汽车是为了更方便的出行，汽车的速度相比于马车得到了极大的提升，但是我们我们的速度真的有很大的提升了吗，每天早高峰晚高峰的堵车，还要寻找停车位。反而浪费了很多时间。具体到chatGPT上来说，我们可能在短时间内就能写出极棒的文案，但随着这项技术的大量应用，对于我们文案的要求，也会变得越来越高，当然这只是我想象到的一个方面，或许不会是这样的，但是一定会出现其他形式的反生产力。

最后，为什么说不会造成大范围失业呢，一方面正如上面所说，对于职业的替代是循序渐进的过程，失业的人有足够的时间，去找到下一份工作。而且在人工智能的加持下。过去非常专业的工作，即便是普通人在学会使用人工智能之后，也能够达到很高的水平，这就使得失业人群的就业面得到了提高。对于企业来讲，正如面所说的受反生产力的影响，也会出现新的职业，我只是在一幼的职业上要进行内卷，从而要招更多的员工。所以说不会造成大范围的失业。

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